This method is suitable for all bush roses, whether they are

A hybrid plant is the offspring produced by cross-pollinating one specific cultivar with another different cultivar. This process of cross-pollination, rather than pollination between plants of the same cultivar, generally creates stronger, healthier, improved offspring, said to have ‘hybrid vigour’.

Both types are repeat-flowering. Hybrid tea roses, (also called large-flowered roses) usually have only one flower per stem and tend to flower in three flushes from summer to late autumn. Floribundas (also called cluster-flowered roses) have many flowers per stem and tend to repeat-flower continuously from summer to late autumn.

If you inherit an overgrown rose and don’t know what type it is (and don’t want to wait until summer when it flowers), it is best to prune as for a hybrid tea.

Roses can be pruned during late winter when growth is just resuming, usually in mid-February in the south, but in northern and colder areas wait until March.

Floribunda roses (cluster-flowered) and hybrid teas (large-flowered) are pruned following largely similar techniques. The only difference is that floribunda stems are left longer with more buds on them to form the characteristic mass of flowers while hybrid teas are pruned low to promote vigorous new shoots.

To start with, cut out dead, diseased, rubbing and crossing stems. If the bush is crowded cut out some old shoots completely to keep the centre open.

Then proceed as for hybrid tea or floribunda roses, as follows:

Hybrid tea (large-flowered): pruning group 15

• Shorten back the strongest remaining shoots to four to six buds 10-15cm (4-6in) from the base, to the point where last year’s growth began
• Shorten back less vigorous shoots to two to four buds 5-10cm (2-4in) from the base
• At Wisley the aim is to cut out all three year old wood, leaving only younger more vigorous growths, which produce better flowers

Floribunda (cluster-flowered): pruning group 16

• Cut back the strongest remaining shoots down to within 25-30cm (10in-1ft) of soil level
• Prune back less vigorous shoots more severely
• Occasionally some older stems can be pruned hard back to a few inches from soil level. This encourages stronger growth from the base

Guidance on pruning other types of roses can be found on separate pages;

• Rose pruning: climbing roses
• Rose pruning: groundcover roses
• Rose pruning: patio and miniature roses
• Rose pruning: rambling roses
• Rose pruning: shrubs roses

Wear gloves when handling thorny roses and keep a watch when you are pruning for the following pests or diseases while pruning; rose aphids, rose large sawfly, rose leaf rolling sawfly, rose black spot, rose dieback, rose powdery mildew and rose rust.

Blindness (lack of flowers) can also be a problem in roses.