Chickweed
Bright green clumps of our UK native chickweed provide food for garden wildlife, but as its flowers rapidly turn to seed, it can quickly spread over bare soil in borders and allotments. Here we help you decide whether to keep or remove it from your garden.
Quick facts
- Chickweed’s botanical name is Stellaria media
- Bees like the nectar-rich flowers and small birds eat the seed
- Chickweed spreads quickly by seed and can become weedy in garden borders and veg patches
- If you need to control chickweed, non-chemical methods are easy and effective
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What does chickweed look like?
Chickweed is an annual wildflower, producing a clump of floppy stems around 35cm (14in) tall. The small, oval, pointed leaves are bright green and held opposite each other on the stem. In the evening, these fold together to protect the tender new growth. Underground, chickweed produces a mass of fine, shallow roots.
Tiny, white flowers with five divided petals arranged in a star shape are produced along the stems and in clusters at the tips throughout the year. Each flower only lasts a day or two before developing into a downward-hanging seedpod.
Is chickweed a weed?
Chickweed is a native wildflower that grows throughout the country, from farmland to coastland, as well as in gardens. However, as each plant produces many fast-germinating seeds, chickweed can quickly form a carpet on bare soil – so is often considered a weed by gardeners.
Bear in mind that its flowers, produced throughout the year, provide nectar for bees, while the large quantity of seeds that follow are a welcome food source for chaffinches and other small birds. Left to grow in less conspicuous parts of the garden, chickweed is a valuable wildlife plant and an addition to your garden’s biodiversity.
As it is edible, some gardeners even purposefully grow it as a leafy vegetable.
A male chaffinch searching for seeds
Harvesting young chickweed shoots
Frequently asked questions about controlling chickweed
How invasive is chickweed?
Individual plants are small, shallow-rooted and easily removed, so there’s no need to panic if you find chickweed in your garden. By keeping a regular check on any chickweed plants you decide to leave, you can make sure they aren’t spreading out of bounds or becoming competition for your other plants. However, do bear in mind that chickweed seeds spread easily on muddy boots and in topsoil and garden compost, so pay attention to good garden hygiene, and avoid moving soil from a patch where you have allowed chickweed to grow.
Do I need to get rid of chickweed?
No – allowing chickweed to grow in some areas, such as in a wildlife corner, at the back of borders or under mature plants, is a great way to attract wildlife and increase the biodiversity of your garden. Leaving a small carpet of chickweed also helps to prevent soil erosion over winter, so is preferable to having bare soil. It is, however, a good idea to control the spread of chickweed, particularly around seedlings and young plants which could become smothered or suffer from competition with the weed.
What is the easiest way to kill chickweed?
If you have chickweed growing where it is not wanted, there are a few easy ways to remove it: - Pull or fork out plants – being shallow-rooted, chickweed is easily pulled out of the soil. Do this regularly to remove plants before they have chance to flower and set seed. Plants that are not yet in flower can be safely added to your own compost bin but, as the seeds can survive the home composting process, it is best to add any that are in flower to your council green waste recycling bin instead.
- Hoe off plants – carefully hoe beds and borders to remove chickweed before it sets seed. Do this on a dry, sunny day, so any uprooted plants shrivel and die rather than re-rooting. Hoeing removes weeds with minimal soil disturbance.
- Smother plants – apply a mulch to your soil in early spring to smother new seedlings and prevent chickweed seeds germinating. Use bulky organic matter, such as bark chips, and apply a thick layer around 8cm (3in) deep for best effect. Alternatively, fill gaps in borders with mat-forming ground cover plants. These will hide and out-compete chickweed seedlings as well as provide food and shelter for ground-active invertebrates.
Should I use weedkiller?
As chickweed is easy to control by hoeing and pulling out, there’s no need to use a weedkiller.For more information, see our page on Weeds: non-chemical controls.
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